We monitored plant communities along an elevation gradient using the space-for-time approach, and conducted warming experiments using open top chambers (OTCs) and plant community transplantation toward warmer climates along the same gradient. Thus, to examine how different methods in climate change effect studies may ask different questions, we combined three climate warming approaches in a single study in the Hengduan Mountains of southwestern China. To provide better estimates of plant community responses to future warming across a range of environments, there have been repeated calls for integrating different approaches within single studies.

Although general patterns emerge from studies using different approaches, there are also some inconsistencies. Long-term monitoring, space-for-time substitutions along gradients, and in situ temperature manipulations are common approaches to understand effects of climate change on alpine and arctic plant communities. 4Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Г…s, Norway.3Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.1Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.Telford 2,3, Genxu Wang 1* and Vigdis Vandvik 2,3

Halbritter 2,3вЂ , Kari Klanderud 4вЂ , Richard J.

Alpine design tent asymmetric orange